What Type of Lights to Use for Art Renderer 3ds Max

Lighting and Rendering / 3ds Max

This page contains the information well-nigh 3ds Max' lighting and rendering settings which can be used with Verge3D.

Renderers
Environment Lighting
Lights
- Photometric Lights
- Standard Lights
Reflection Cubemap Low-cal Probes
Reflection Aeroplane Light Probes
Global Rendering Settings
Ambient Occlusion
Outline Rendering
Exposure Control
Per-Object Rendering Settings
Rendering on HiDPI (Retina) Screens
Fit to Camera Edge
Visibility Breakpoints
Clipping Planes

Renderers

Verge3D supports three renderers provided by 3ds Max: Scanline, Fine art (recommended), and Arnold. The Scanline renderer is intended for use with Standard lights and materials, while the Fine art/Arnold is typically used with Photometric lights and Physical materials.

Choosing the right renderer is the first matter you lot should consider before starting to piece of work with graphics. If y'all are not sure which renderer to cull, nosotros recommend using ART. In order to set the renderer in 3ds Max, utilise the "Return Setup..." window.

Environment Lighting

Environs lighting is a very important component of Verge3D graphics pipeline based on ART/Physical materials. You may illuminate your scene with an environment map alone, without using any lite objects (every bit in the Scooter demo).

The default cube template provides an HDR texture for paradigm-based lighting. You can supercede this texture with your ain file, or setup environment lighting from scratch as shown in this video.

Lights

If you'd like to accept dynamic shadows in your scene, or if you demand to move the source of calorie-free (as with automobile lights), you may utilize low-cal objects.

Verge3D supports two types of lights provided by 3ds Max: standard and photometric.

Photometric Lights

Photometric lights are typically used with Physical materials. Verge3D reproduces them by using 3ds Max' Art renderer as reference. In addition, you may apply Physical Camera Expose Control settings to tweak the brightness and color range of your renderings.

Standard Lights

Standard lights are typically used with Standard materials. Verge3D reproduces them by using 3ds Max' Scanline renderer equally reference.

Reflection Cubemap Light Probes

Verge3D add-on adds a custom light probe object called V3DReflectionCubemap, which tin be used to apply indirect lighting to objects via a local reflection cubemap.

The object can be found in the Create panel -> Helpers category -> Verge3D subcategory:

A reflection cubemap object defines a volume of influence represented by a box or a sphere. All objects contained inside that book will use a local reflection cubemap generated in runtime instead of the scene'southward global environment texture/color.

The advantage of using a local reflection map is that it has surrounding objects baked in information technology, while the scene's global map only contains the background texture/color specified in Max'south environment settings. Local reflection maps besides accept a parallax effect depending on the geometry of the influence or parallax volume.

Left - reflection cubemap object in Max viewport, right - effect it adds to a reflective material in Verge3D.

Reflection Cubemap objects have the following parameters:

General

general probe settings:

Influence Type: type of the influence volume: Sphere or Box. Only objects located inside this volume are affected by the probe's lighting.
Influence Distance: the size of the influence volume. You can also change object scaling and make the shape of the influence volume non-uniform.
Intensity: the intensity of the indirect lighting. Whatsoever value different from 1.0 is not physically correct.
Clipping Offset: most clip distance. Objects located closer than this value won't exist rendered into the reflection cubemap.
Clipping Stop: far clip altitude. Objects located further than this value won't be rendered into the reflection cubemap.

Visibility Selection Ready

object visibility settings:

Pick Set: limit objects that should appear on the reflection cubemap to those belonging to this option set. Choose the empty string option ("") in gild to not specify any gear up of objects - that mode all scene objects will exist used for generating the reflection cubemap.
Capsize Visibility: invert the option of objects visible to this probe if Selection Set up is specified.

Custom Parallax

parallax settings:

Enable Custom Parallax: enable custom settings for the parallax correction. This grouping of settings defines a parallax volume, which is used to project the lighting captured by the probe. If Custom Parallax is not enabled the parallax consequence is calculated based on Influence Type and Influence Distance.
Parallax Type: blazon of the parallax volume: Sphere or Box.
Parallax Distance: the size of the parallax book.

Custom Influence

custom influence settings:

Enable Custom Influence: enable custom influence settings. This group of settings allows defining a selection ready of objects that will be afflicted past this light probe. Influence Option Set (if specified) will be used instead of the Influence Blazon and Influence Distance general probe settings.
Influence Option Set: limit objects that should exist afflicted past this lite probe to this selection set. If specified information technology is used instead of the Influence Type and Influence Distance general probe settings.
Invert Influence: invert the selection of objects affected by this probe if Influence Choice Set is specified.

Reflection Plane Calorie-free Probes

Reflection Aeroplane Light Probes used to employ real-fourth dimension reflections (indirect lighting) to planar objects, such every bit mirrors, floors, walls, etc.

Verge3D plugin adds a custom light probe object called V3DReflectionPlane. The object can be found in the Create panel -> Helpers category -> Verge3D subcategory:

Reflection aeroplane objects have the following parameters:

Length: Reflection aeroplane length.
Width: Reflection plane width.
Influence Dist.: Influence distance of the probe.
Falloff: Controls how fast the probe influence decreases.
Prune Offset: Nigh camera clipping for objects rendered in the light probe.
Visibility Selection Set: Pick prepare of the objects visible for the probe.

Planar reflection probes can greatly reduce performance of your scene, since they multiply the number of draw calls by a factor North+1. To make rendering faster, specify a express ready of reflected objects every bit the Visibility Choice Set property.

Global Rendering Settings

Global rendering settings accessible from the Verge3D Export Settings dialog window (Verge3D->Export Settings... in 3ds Max bill of fare).

Anti-Aliasing

select what anti-aliasing algorithm to utilise for the scene:

Auto: use arrangement default method.
MSAA 4x: prefer multisample anti-aliasing with 4x samples if the target hardware supports information technology.
MSAA 8x: adopt multisample anti-aliasing with 8x samples if the target hardware supports it.
MSAA 16x: prefer multisample anti-aliasing with 16x samples if the target hardware supports it.
FXAA: force fast gauge anti-aliasing (FXAA).
None: disable anti-aliasing.

Use HDR Rendering

enable high-dynamic-range rendering.

If activated, Verge3D will utilise sixteen-bit float textures every bit rendering buffers. This feature tin significantly improve rendering of the Blossom post-processing also as smoothness of node-based gradient textures. The downside of this — increased GPU retentiveness consumption and reduced functioning.

This feature is not related to HDR textures which are commonly used to produce image-based lighting, thus activating it won't better rendering of such textures.

Environment Map Size

texture size to utilize for surround lighting:

256: optimum quality with low retentivity consumption (default value).
512: ameliorate quality with moderate memory consumption and reduced functioning. Utilise information technology to render high quality reflections eastward.yard for rendering jewelry.
1024: best quality with high retentiveness consumption and depression performance (generally not recommended).

IBL Environment Mode

PMREM (wearisome): high quality (default value).
Light Probe + Cubemap (medium): reduced quality of image-based specular reflections, better performance.
Light Probe (fast): disabled image-based specular reflections, highest performance.

Ambience Occlusion

Ambient Occlusion is a rendering technique that improves a scene's realism by adding soft shadows from indirect (ambience) lighting based on how much the betoken is exposed to the light sources.

Verge3D implements Footing Truth Ambience Occlusion (GTAO), which settings you tin can find in the AO section of Verge3D Export Settings (accessible through Verge3D->Export Settings... in 3ds Max bill of fare):

Verge3D adds the ambience occlusion effect merely for Physical Material nodes and only if the scene has surroundings lighting (either every bit a color or a map).

Enabled: Enable Ambient Occlusion in the scene.
Distance: The radius (in system units) within which to summate ambient occlusion. Higher values make the effect more noticeable past over-darkening and expanding the surface area of it, only also can decrease functioning. Lower values brand apoplexy less noticeable.
Factor: The strength of the apoplexy consequence.
Trace Precision: Higher precision means more than accurate occlusion at increased performance price. Lower precision means better performance but the outcome appears less prominent.
Bent Normals: Use modified (or "bent") normals to sample the surround instead of the original ones. The modified normals correspond the least occluded management and brand environment lighting a bit more realistic.

Outline Rendering

Outline rendering (aka silhouette edge rendering) is a common non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) technique that can significantly enhance the visual perception of your scene. This effect tin can be used for diverse applications such as e-learning, games, architecture visualization, and technical drawing.

To use object outlining (and optional glowing) in your Verge3D awarding, showtime enable the upshot in the Verge3D Consign Settings dialog:

then use the outline puzzle to utilise information technology to your object(s).

The outline rendering does not piece of work inside AR/VR sessions. Employ other methods to highlight your objects, such as blitheness or changing material's color.

Yous tin can tweak outlining using the following properties:

Enabled — enable/disable the effect.

Border Strength — outlining strength factor.

Edge Glow — intensity of additional glowing (rendered across the primary outline edge).

Edge Thickness — outline border thickness factor.

Pulse Menses — pulse catamenia in seconds. Specify to brand the issue animated.

Visible Border Color — visible border color.

Hidden Edge Colour — color of the outline edge existence rendered behind any other scene objects.

Render Hidden Edge — enable/disable rendering of the outline border behind other scene objects.

Though it's possible to render glowing objects, in the about cases the outline rendering is used to improve visual clarity of your scene. If you demand glowing from lamps or another bright objects, consider using the blossom post-processing instead.

Exposure Control

Verge3D for 3ds Max supports the following exposure control algorithms:

Physical Camera Exposure Control
Logarithmic Exposure Control

Run across the Autodesk's official documentation for more than data on how to configure exposure controls for your scene.

Per-Object Rendering Settings

Verge3D Rendering Params panel

Render Order: Modifies the rendering club for a particular object. The smaller the index, the earlier the object will be rendered. In most cases, you need to tweak this value when using Blend transparency to eliminate transparency artifacts.
Frustum Alternative: Enables/disables frustum culling optimization for the object. Uncheck this option if you take some skinned object which tin can move beyond the screen space to foreclose it from being culled.

Verge3D Adv. Rendering Params panel

Fit to Camera Border: Run across here for more than info.
Visibility Breakpoints: Enable object visibility breakpoints. Meet here.
HiDPI Compositing: Render object using HiDPI compositing pass. See beneath for more than info.
Fix Ortho Zoom: Utilize inverse orthographic photographic camera zoom as scaling cistron for this object. Enable this property for object parented to ortho photographic camera, and then they don't move/scale when the user zooms the camera.

Rendering on HiDPI (Retina) Screens

As of today, most mobile and many desktop screens accept high pixel density (so called "Retina" displays). These displays let you to substantially increment quality of your renderings. The downside of rendering many pixels is reduced performance.

There are two approaches how to make your content look improve and exercise not make your scenes really tiresome:

Using somewhat better resolution, east.1000 by setting screen scaling factor to ane.five or then. Run across here for more info.
Using HiDPI rendering but for of import content, such as text, screen-infinite UI elements, etc.

The latter approach can be easily achieved by enabling the HiDPI Compositing property located on the Verge3D Adv. Rendering Params panel:

Fit to Camera Border

Fit to Camera Edge is a technique to draw screen-space UI elements based on 3ds Max models. This approach to UI blueprint is more "native" to the 3D artist than using HTML/CSS, and does non require external tools. Only there is more in it: since the UI elements are genuine 3D objects, you can apply shaders, lighting, animation, morphing – y'all proper noun it – making them truly interactive and seamlessly integrated into the scene.

When you parent some object to the camera, the post-obit settings announced on the Verge3D Adv. Rendering Params console:

Horizontal: Horizontal canvas edge to fit object to. None — no horizontal fit, Left — fit to left edge, Right — fit to right edge, Stretch — calibration object horizontally to fit on the screen.
Vertical: Vertical canvass edge to fit object to. None — no vertical fit, Meridian — fit to height border, Bottom — fit to lesser edge, Stretch — calibration object vertically to fit on the screen.
Shape: Sheet fit shape. Box — use object'south bounding box, Sphere — utilise object's bounding sphere to fit the object on the screen.
Fit Beginning: Additional offset used to fit object on the screen. Effectively, this value extends object bounding (box or sphere) past the specified absolute value.

Visibility Breakpoints

Visibility Breakpoints allow you to show/hide content depending on 3D viewport width/meridian or orientation settings. The most important employ case of this characteristic — adapting your scene to unlike screen sizes and orientations. E.thou you may accept two different models for portrait and landscape screen orientations.

If assigned to the current photographic camera, tries to switch to an alternative camera (must have acceptable visibility breakpoints) in the scene, if no alternative camera is found, does nothing.

You lot tin configure the breakpoints on the Verge3D Adv. Rendering Params panel:

Min Width: Minimum canvas width the object stays visible.
Max Width: Maximum canvas width the object stays visible.
Min Superlative: Minimum canvas top the object stays visible.
Max Top: Maximum canvas superlative the object stays visible.
Orientation: Screen orientation the object stays visible.

Clipping Planes

Clipping planes (aka section planes, cantankerous-section planes, mesh sections) is a technique used to evidence internal arrangement of complex objects, such as buildings, cars, appliances, gadgets, machines etc.

To add a new clipping plane, use the Create -> Helpers -> Verge3D -> ClippingPlane button in 3ds Max:

The objects on your scene will be clipped in the negative Z direction of the clipping plane object.

Clipping planes have the following parameters:

Afflicted Objects: Selection set of the objects clipped by the plane. If empty, all scene objects will be clipped.
Negated: Bandy clipped and unclipped sides.
Clip Shadows: Clip shadows cast from the clipped objects.
Union Planes: Construct a union from all the clipping planes, affecting the object, not their intersection.
Cross-Section: Fill cross-section between the clipping plane and the affected objects.
Cross-Section Color: Cross-section diffuse color and opacity.
Cross-Sect. Size: Cross-department plane size. Increment this value if you lot use larger scene size.

Got Questions?

Feel free to enquire on the forums!

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Source: https://www.soft8soft.com/docs/manual/en/max/Lighting-and-Rendering.html